（一）针对个人情况进行交流（提问与回答）：

1. 询问名字：What’s your name?   My name’s Wang Ling.   I’m Charlie

2. 询问年龄：How old are you？           I’m twelve.

              How old is he?             He is thirteen.

3. 询问生日：When is your birthday?         It’s March 12th.

4. 询问职业：Are you a doctor?          Yes, I am.     No, I am not.

What do you do?              I am a teacher.

             What does he do?             He is a vet.

5. 询问身高：How tall are you?             I am 158 centimeters tall.

6. 询问体重：How heavy are you?           I weight 60 kilograms.

7. 询问喜爱的颜色：Do you like red?          Yes, I do.     No, I don’t.

Does he like red?       Yes, he does.  No, he doesn’t..

What color do you like?          I like green.

                   What color does he like?         He likes blue.

8. 询问喜爱的食品：What food do you like?           I like chicken.   

9. 询问喜爱的学科：What’s your favorite subject? My favorite subject is math.

10. 询问喜爱的季节：What season do you like?        I like spring.

11. 询问喜爱的运动：What sport do you like?      I like playing football.

12. 询问喜爱的动物：What animal do you like?             I like dogs.

13.询问承担的家务：                

What chores do you have to do?          I have to walk the dog.

What chores does he have to do?         He has to feed the fish.

14. 询问更喜欢什么物品：Which sunglasses do you prefer?

I prefer these.

15. 询问身体状况：How are you today?               I’m not well.  

What’s the matter?                My leg hurts.

16. 询问想要的、需要的：What do you want?          I want a T-shirt.

                      What do you need? I need flour, milk, eggs and butter.

17.   询问物品拥有：Do you have a cap？      Yes， I do.    No, I don’t.

                  Does he have a watch?    Yes, he does.  No, he doesn’t.

18.    询问经常在固定的时间做什么事情：

       What do you do on Sunday?            I play tennis.

       What does he do on Monday?          He goes to school.

19. 询问经常在什么时间做这样的事情：

When do you get up？   I get up at 6:00.

When does he get up？  He gets up at 6:30.

20.   询问现在正在做什么事情：What are you doing?     I’m reading a book.

                               What is he doing?        He is singing.

21.   询问将来的计划、活动安排：

What are you going to do tomorrow?         I’m going to ride a horse.

What will you do next Sunday?                 I will go shopping.

What are you doing tomorrow?                I’m going bowling.

22.   询问活动的频率次数：How often do you play tennis?    Twice a week.

23.   询问所在的地点、方位： Where are you？      I’m in front of the car.

                    Where were you yesterday?        I was at home.

24.  询问过去时间内做了什么事情：

What did you do yesterday?         I went to school.

25. 询问、质疑过去所做过的事情： Did you go to the park last night？

Yes， I did.        No, I didn’t.

26.  询问是谁:  Who’s that?          That’s Ann.        

Who’ he?            He’s my father.

                Who was first?        Ken was first.

（二）针对物品情况进行交流（提问与回答）：

1.询问物品名称：What’s this?  It’s a pen.  What are these?  They are pens.，

2.询问物品数量：How many pencils are there?          There are ten.

3.询问物品价钱：How much is the book?                 It is  ￥30.

How much are the books?             They are  ￥60.

 How much does this belt cost?           It costs  ﹩35

How much do these belts cost?         They cost  ﹩70.

4.询问物品所属：Whose computer is this?   This is my computer. It’s Ken’s.

                 Whose CDs are these?   They are our CDs. They’re Ann’s.

5.询问物品颜色等特征：What color is the duck？          It’s yellow.

6.询问物品位置：Where is the book？          It’s under the bag.

（三）针对时间、天气进行交流（提问与回答）：

1.询问钟表时刻： What time is it?            It’s 6：20.

2.询问星期： What day is today？         It’s Monday.

3、.询问月份日期：What’s the date today?      It’s September 1st.

4.询问天气状况：What’s the weather like?      It’s windy.

（四）以Can 开头的问句：

1.问答能力：Can you swim？   Yes，I can.   No, I can’t.

2.请求许可：Can he go out after school?     Yes, he can.   No, he can’t.

（五）询问比赛规则：What are the rules?     You must wear sports shoes.

（六）提出问题与建议:

I’m bored.    What should I do?      You should play this game.

He is tired.    What should he do?        He should go to bed early.

（七）使用反意疑问句求证信息：I can watch TV, can’t I?     Yes, you can.

                              He isn’t a teacher, is he?    No, he isn’t.

（八）表达同意或不同意：

In the year 2050 life will be better.     So do I. ( I do, too. )   

I don’t like snakes.         Neither do I. ( I don’t, either.)

五、语法知识：

（一）英语动词4种时态：

1.一般现在时：常与表示程度或频度的词连用，如：often（经常） , usually（通常，一般） , sometimes（有时） , always（总是，一直） , never（从不）,表示经常性或习惯性的动作,表示现在的特征或状态,表示普遍真理。用动词原形表示，第三人称单数后，动词要在词尾加s（或es，或变y为i再加es）。如：I often get up at 7:00.

He often gets up at 7:30.       

2.现在进行时：表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作。用am / is / are 加 动词ing形式表示，如: What are you doing?  I am reading a book.  What is he doing?   He is singing.

3.一般将来时：常与表示将来的时间连用，如：tomorrow , next week , next year 等,表示将要发生的动作或情况。用 am/ is/ are 加 going to形式表示，如：What are you going to do tomorrow?  I’m going to ride a horse. 用will 加动词原形表示，如：What will you do next Sunday?   I will go shopping. 用am/ is/ are 加动词ing 形式表示，如：What are you doing tomorrow?    I’m going bowling.

4.一般过去时：经常与表示过去的时间连用, 如: yesterday, last night等, 表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。动词要用动词的过去式。如：

Who was first?                     Ken was first.

Where were you yesterday?         I was at home.

What did you do yesterday?       I went to school.

（二）形容词的比较级和最高级：

1.单音节词：比较级加er, 最高级加est. 如：tall------taller-------- the tallest,

He is taller than his brother.     Tom is the tallest in his class.

2.多音节词和部分双音节词：比较级加more, 最高级加 the most. 如：

interesting---------more interesting---------the most interesting,

Music is interesting subject.        P.E. is more interesting than music..     

Science is the most interesting subject.

 

六、仿写一段话 (要求至少五句话)：

1. About me 介绍自己

My name is Peter. I am 12 years old. I like art. I like playing football. I have to walk the dog every day.

 

2. My  family  我的家庭

I have a happy family. My mother is a teacher. She is 36 years old. She likes singing. My father is a vet. He is 36 years old. He likes playing football. I’m a girl. I’m 13 years old. I like singing. We often play games together. I love them very much.

 

3. My pet  我的宠物

I have a dog.  It is Wang Wang. It’s white.  It has two big ears. We always play games together. I like it very much.

 

4. My friend 我的朋友

I have a good friend. His name is Peter. He is 12 years old. He likes art. He likes playing football and walking the dog .

 

5. My favorite我最喜爱的 ... (如：sports运动， subject学科, chores家务，fruit水                     

果, color颜色, teacher 老师等)

I like sports very much. Badminton is my favorite sport. I often play badminton with my friend after school. We play badminton on the playground. And I can play it very well.

 

 m

一：学生易错词汇

1.     a, an的选择: 元音字母开头的单词用an，辅音字母开头的单词用a.

2.     am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.

3.     have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I , you 用 have .

4.     there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there are.

5.     some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.

6.     疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁)  where (哪里)  whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）

which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）

 

二：形容词比较级详解

当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：

什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：

I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）

An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）

形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：

① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,

② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,

③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier

④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

☆注意  比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。

典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）

比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。

应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.

比较级专项练习:

 

 

三：动词过去式详解   动词的过去式的构成规则有：

Ａ、规则动词

①    一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited

② 以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , used

③    以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried  （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类）

④  双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stopped

Ｂ、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：

sing – sang ,  eat – ate ,  see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,  are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came ,  lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

 

四：动词现在分词详解   动词的ing形式的构成规则：

①    一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing

③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting

 

五：人称和数

 人称代词 物主代词

 主格 宾格

第一

人称 单数 I（我） me my（我的）

 复数 we（我们） us our（我们的）

第二

人称 单数 you（你） you your（你的）

 复数 you（你们） you your（你们的）

第三

人称 单数 he（他） him his（他的）

  she（她） her her（她的）

  it（它） it its（它的）

 复数 they（他们/她们/它们） them their（他们的/她们的/它们的）

 

六：句型专项归类

1. 肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：

I’m a student.    She is a doctor.    He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom.     He will eat lunch at 12:00.       I watched TV yesterday evening.

2.否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I’m not a student.      She is not (isn’t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital.      There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.  

He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00.        I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.

☆注意  小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn’t，aren’t”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t ）。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。

3.一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。

如：Are you a student? Yes, I am / No, I’m not.

Is she a doctor? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

Does he work in a hospital? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.

Are there four fans in our classroom? Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.

Are you going to buy a comic book tonight?  Yes, I am. / No, I am not. (Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t.)

Will he eat lunch at 12:00? Yes, I will. / No, I will not(won’t).

Are they swimming? Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.

☆注意   小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，

①把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

②没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

4.特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词（what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”来回答。如：

What is this?  It’s a computer.

What does he do?  He’s a doctor.

Where are you going?  I’m going to Beijing.

Who played football with you yesterday afternoon?  Mike.

Which season do you like best?  Summer.

When do you usually get up?  I usually get up at 6:30.

Whose skirt is this?  It’s Amy’s.

Why do you like spring best?  Because I can plant trees.

How are you?  I’m fine. / I’m happy.

How did you go to Xinjiang?  I went to Xinjiang by train.

☆其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many（多少(数量)）,

how much（多少(钱)）, how tall（多高）, how long（多长）,  how big（多大）,  how heavy（多重）

例句：How many pencils do you have? I have three pencils.

How many girls can you see? I can see four girls.

How many desks are there in your classroom? There are 51.

☆小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，

How many + 名词复数 + do you have?   你有多少……？

How many + 名词复数 + can you see?   你能看见多少……？

How many + 名词复数 + are there…?    有多少……？

 

七：完全、缩略形式: I’m=I am   he’s=he is   she’s=she is   they’re=they are   you’re=you are   there’s=there is  they’re=they are   can’t=can not   don’t=do not   doesn’t=does not  isn’t=is not  aren’t=are not  let’s=let us   won’t=will not   I’ll=I will    wasn’t=was not

 总结：通常情况下，'m即am，'s即is（但 let’s=let us）， 're即are  ，n't即not （但can’t=can not）